Audi A6 C5 4.2L V8 5V BAS Secondary Air Injection Maintenance
The secondary air system is designed to enable catalytic converter to heat up and reach its operating temperature more quickly after a cold start.
Principle of operation
Due to extra mixture enrichment during cold-start phase, an increased amount of unburnt hydrocarbons is carried in exhaust gas. The secondary air system improves the afterburning (oxidation) process in the catalytic converter, and in this way reduces toxic emissions. Heat generated by oxidation accelerates “light off” of catalytic converter and significantly improves exhaust gas quality during warm-up.
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2002 Toyota Tacoma Igniter Circuit Malfunction
A Direct Ignition System (DIS) has been adopted. The DIS improves the ignition timing accuracy, reduces high–voltage loss, and enhances the overall reliability of the ignition system by eliminating the distributor. The DIS is a 2–cylinder simultaneous ignition system which ignites 2 cylinders simultaneously with 1 ignition coil. In the 2–cylinder simultaneous ignition system, each of the 2 spark plugs is connected to the end of the secondary winding. High voltage generated in the secondary winding is applied directly to the spark plugs. The sparks of the 2 spark plugs pass simultaneously from the center electrode to the ground electrode. The ECM determines ignition timing end outputs the ignition signals (IGT) for each cylinder. Based on IGT signals, the igniter controls the primary ignition signals (IGC) for all ignition coils. At the same time, the igniter also sends an ignition confirmation signal (IGF) as a fail–safe measure to the ECM.
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1999 Mercedes Benz Truck ML 430 Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
Secondary Air Injection : Malfunction (Functional Chain)
Test 1 Test secondary air injection (function chain). (only (USA), EURO 3)
Test 2 Check component M33 (electric air pump). (only (USA), EURO 3)
Test 3 Check component Y32 (Air pump switchover valve). (only (USA), EURO 3)
1 Test secondary air injection (function chain). (only (USA), EURO 3)
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2002 Toyota Tacoma Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Malfunction
Each knock sensor is fitted to the right bank and left bank of the cylinder block to detect engine knocking. This sensor contains a piezoelectric element which generates a voltage when it becomes deformed, which occurs when the cylinder block vibrates due to the knocking. If engine knocking occurs, ignition timing is retarded to suppress it.
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2002 Toyota Tacoma Crankshaft Position Sensor ”A” Circuit Malfunction Diagnostics
The crankshaft position sensor, which detects the engine speed and crankshaft angle signal (NE signal), has been installed on the oil pump body. The NE signal plate has 34 teeth. The NE signal sensor generates 34 signals at every engine revolution. The ECM detects the standard crankshaft angle based on the G signal, and the actual crankshaft angle and the engine speed by the NE signal.
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2002 Toyota Tacoma Idle Control System Malfunction Engine Diagnostics
The rotary solenoid type IAC valve is located in front of the intake air chamber and intake air bypassing the throttle valve is directed to the IAC valve through a passage. In this way, the intake air volume bypassing the throttle valve is regulated, controlling the engine speed. The ECM operates only the IAC valve to perform idle–up and provide feedback for the target idling speed.
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2009 Mercedes ML 450 Hybrid
Mercedes-Benz will also be presenting theML 450 HYBRID, due to be launched on the market in 2009 as the most economical two-mode petrol hybrid SUV worldwide. Its innovative two-mode hybrid system enables electric driving and satisfies the highest comfort demands. With a combined system output of 250 kW/340 hp and a combined maximum torque of 480 Nm, the ML 450 HYBRID consumes just 7.7 liters per 100 kilometers – equivalent to CO2 emissions of 185 g/km.
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2007 Mercedes-Benz SilverFlow Concept
The Mercedes-Benz SilverFlow utilizes micro-metallic particles that can be arranged via magnetic fields in many different forms based on pre-selected models. The vehicle, which can be completely dissembled into a pool of ferromagnetic material for easy storage, can adapt and transform its shape to best suit its required purpose.
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2008 Mercedes C-Class Estate New Design
Mercedes-Benz has fundamentally revised its brand identity for all communication materials with a new design. The new, standardised brand identity will be introduced in all corporate units – from Passenger Cars to Commercial Vehicles – and in all the world’s markets from November 1, 2007. It was developed on the basis of the brand’s history, and concludes the process of a more sharply focused brand positioning which began in 2006. The central theme of the new identity is the motto “The Star always shines from above”.
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2007 Mercedes Museum Sets Artificial Tornado World Record
The Mercedes-Benz Museum is now officially home to the “strongest artificially generated tornado in the world”. The attempted record was confirmed in the presence of Guinness Book of Records representative Olaf Kuchenbecker. The 34.4-metre-high artificial tornado serves to eliminate smoke from the museum in the event of a fire.
“We are delighted that the Mercedes-Benz Museum is now also featured in the Guinness Book of Records,” said Michael Bock, manager of Mercedes-Benz Museum GmbH. “By successfully achieving the world record as ‘strongest artificially generated tornado in the world’, the Mercedes-Benz Museum has once again underlined its outstanding position in the world of museums also in terms of architecture.”
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